Showing posts with label new research. Show all posts
Showing posts with label new research. Show all posts

24 Sept 2020

What is Consciousness - Where is Consciousness Located in the Brain - Artificial Consciousness

This exciting article discusses, What is consciousness. What is the level of consciousness of non living things and different forms of life on earth. Where is Consciousness Located in the Brain and can we make a computer conscious just by running the simulation of a human brain on a computer (Artificial Consciousness). So Let's understand the mystery of consciousness from a different point of view. So let's first start with...What is the Consciousness?


What is Consciousness (Definition of Consciousness)

In simplest words we can say, consciousness is the Awareness of internal or external existence. So it is the consciousness that makes us feel, understand and respond to our surroundings and our inner self. It is because of the consciousness that we can understand that one day we were born and someday we will die.


What is the level of consciousness of non-living things and different forms of life on earth

So we can say that a tree is more conscious than a stone. Because a tree can respond to its environment in many ways like they can adapt to their environment, make their own food and lots of other things but a stone cannot do anything like that. In the same way, an insect is more conscious than a tree. Most animals are more conscious than insects and similarly human is more conscious than all the animals because humans can respond to their environment and surroundings in much more intelligent ways in comparison to other forms of life. We are conscious about our existence that we are living. We can remember and feel the past memories and experiences. we can feel the present moment and also can predict the future on the basis of our past memories and intelligence.

You can easily understand, how a person cannot respond to its surroundings when he or she is unconscious or in other words unaware. Here it is a very important to note that consciousness and intelligence are two different things. A super intelligent robot or a supercomputer can be more intelligent in terms of analytical skills, memory, ability to predict on the basis of large amounts of data provided to it and in many other ways but is not at all conscious about its own existence. Even a tree or insect is far more conscious than the most advanced supercomputer that we have.

The Concept of Artificial Intelligence

According to researchers, even a sophisticated simulation of human brain running on a digital computer cannot be conscious. We can never create a conscious computer just by programming the computer for consciousness. it would just be simply a computer doing a task for which it has been programmed, but completely unaware of its own existence.

It is similar to the fact that just by simulating the immense gravitational pull of a black hole on a computer does not actually deform the space time fabric around the computer. But Harvard scientists think that they might be very close to pinpoint the location of consciousness in our brain.


Where is Consciousness Located in the Brain

According to researcher Michael Fox from the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Centre at Harvard Medical School- "For the first time, we have found a connection between the brainstem region involved in arousal and regions involved in awareness, two prerequisites for consciousness". So arousal and awareness are two critical components of consciousness. Researchers have shown that arousal is likely regulated by brainstem which is the portion of the brain that links up with spinal cord. They have found two cortex regions in the brain that seems to work together to form consciousness. Although scientists are working hard but still a lot needs to done in this area to uncover all the mysteries of consciousness. Hope one day we will know all about consciousness that gives us the feeling of our own existence as a living being. Stay conscious!!!

What is Consciousness Video

9 Sept 2020

How Many Dimensions are There in the Universe - Dimensions according to Super String Theory, M Theory and Bosonic String Theory

How Many Dimensions are there in the Universe according to different Theories

Here we will learn, how many dimensions are there in the universe according to different theories and why we find it impossible to perceive higher dimensions. Here you will know number of existing dimensions according to Classical Physics, Superstring Theory, M Theory and Bosonic String Theory.

Dimensions according to Classical Physics

According to classical physics there are 3 dimensions of space and the fourth dimension is the time. Any object in the first dimension would have only one dimension i.e. length. If someone is living in a one dimensional Universe then he would be able to move in a straight line only. There would be no left and right or up and down for him. A straight line is an example of one dimensional object. While for two dimensional objects we have one more dimension added to it. So it would be a plain object having Length and breadth. A person living in a two dimensional universe can move freely in a plain only but cannot leave that plain. For him there would be no up or down. A square or a rectangle are examples of two dimensional objects. On adding one more dimension to a two dimensional universe, we enter into a three dimensional universe. Actually we live in a three dimensional universe where we can move in any direction in space. We can move in a straight line, take left or right turns or move in up or down directions as per our wish. Spheres, pyramids, cube and all the humans, animals are examples of three dimensional objects. So these were the first three dimensions of space according to classical physics. Actually we don't live in three dimensions of space only. We also live in a one more dimension known as time. In space we can move in any desired direction in all the 3 dimensions but in the fourth dimension time we can only move in the forward direction. Now we will discuss how many dimensions are there according to different theories.

Dimensions according to Super String Theory, M Theory and Bosonic String Theory

Actually for mathematical consistency of string theory extra dimensions of spacetime are required. Superstring theory requires 10 spacetime dimensions while according to M theory there are total 11 dimensions. In Bosonic string theory spacetime is 26 dimensional. But now the question arises, if there are so many dimensions, why we are able to perceive only first 4 dimensions? Why we can not experience higher dimensions?

Why We Can Not Perceive Higher Dimensions?

Actually according to some studies extra dimensions may be "curled up" at extremely small scales. The scale is too small to be visible to current experiments. It is very hard to imagine higher dimensions for our brain as we live in a 3 dimensional universe. Its similar to a case where for a person living in 2 dimensional space, it's very difficult to imagine a 3 dimensional world. This is the reason why we can not perceive higher dimensions.

How Many Dimensions are There in the Universe Video