Why Do Earthquakes Happen? Causes, Effects, and Safety Tips

Earthquakes shake the ground suddenly, sometimes causing massive destruction. But why do they happen? Let’s break it down.

Causes of Earthquakes

Earth’s outer shell, the crust, is made up of moving pieces called tectonic plates. These plates float on molten rock and constantly shift. When they grind against each other, pressure builds up. Eventually, this pressure releases in a sudden jolt, causing an earthquake.

The most common reasons for earthquakes include:

• Tectonic Plate Movements – Collisions, separations, or sliding of plates.
• Volcanic Activity – Magma movement can trigger earthquakes.
• Human Activities – Mining, drilling, or nuclear tests can also cause tremors.

Effects of Earthquakes

Earthquakes can be devastating, depending on their magnitude and location. They can:

• Destroy buildings, roads, and bridges.

• Trigger landslides, tsunamis, and fires.
• Cause loss of life and economic damage.

Safety Tips During an Earthquake

• Drop, Cover, and Hold On – Take shelter under sturdy furniture.
• Stay Indoors – If inside, move away from windows and heavy objects.
• Find an Open Space – If outdoors, stay away from buildings, trees, and power lines.
• Prepare an Emergency Kit – Include water, food, first-aid supplies, and flashlights.

Understanding earthquakes can save lives. Being prepared and staying calm during a quake is key to survival.