Sampling and Quantization of Signal - Sampling Theorem and Reconstruction of Signal

What is Sampling and Why Sampling is Required?

A continuous time signal at the transmitting end is converted into discrete time signal, it is done as it is easier to process digital signals in comparison to analog signals.


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What is Quantization of Signal

If we want to convert analog signals into digital signals then first of all continuous time signal is converted into discrete time signal with the help of sampling process and after this process, this sampled signal is converted into digital signal by the process of quantization.

Sampling Theorem

A continuous time signal can be completely represented in its samples and then can be recovered back, is the sampling frequency is greater than or equal to the twice of the maximum frequency present in the signal.
i.e. fs>=2fm
Here fs is sampling frequency
fm is maximum frequency present in the signal.
It is essential to take sufficient number of samples to completely represent a signal by its samples and also to reconstruct the signal back to its original form from its samples.

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Need and benefits of modulation
Pulse modulation techniques (PAM, PWM, PPM, PCM)
Comparison of PAM, PWM, PPM modulation techniques
Pulse amplitude modulation (PAM)
Pulse width modulation (PWM)
Pulse position modulation (PPM) 
Pulse code modulation (PCM) advantages and disadvantages
Pulse code modulation (PCM) vs differential pulse code modulation (DPCM)
Sampling theorem and reconstruction (sampling and quantization)