Source Transformation - Current Source to Voltage Source & Voltage Source to Current Source

Source Transformation

Here we will understand the concept of source transformation (source conversion).
You will learn here how it is possible to convert a voltage source to a current source and a current source to a voltage source.
While analyzing the circuits, it is easy and preferable to have same type of source - either voltage source only or current source only.

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For transformation, each voltage source should have a series internal resistance (impedance) and each current source a parallel internal resistance (impedance).
Here we will understand the concept of transformation of a voltage source to an equivalent current source and transformation of a current source to an equivalent voltage source.

Transformation of a voltage source to an equivalent current source-

The diagram shown below explains the voltage source to current source conversion.

Voltage Source to Current Source
Conversion

As we know that for transformation each voltage source should have a series internal resistance while a current source should have a parallel internal resistance.
As you can see in the diagram shown above, that this voltage source (V) is having an internal resistance (R) in series with it. So we can change this voltage source into its equivalent current source.
From the diagram you can see that to obtain current source from this voltage source we need to divide the value of voltage source by its internal resistance (V/R) and put this resistance (R) in parallel to this current source (V/R). 
Here observe that the direction of current source is same as that of the voltage source.
So in this way we can convert a voltage source into its equivalent current source.
Now we will discuss how to convert a current source into its equivalent voltage source

Transformation of a current source to an equivalent voltage source

The diagram given below will help you in understanding the concept of converting a current source into its equivalent voltage source.

Current Source to Voltage Source
Conversion

In the left part of this diagram you can see that, there is a resistance (R) in parallel to a current source (I). Consider it as its internal resistance. 
Now to convert this current source into voltage source, simply multiply the values of the current source and its internal resistance (IR) and place this resistance (R) in series with this current source. This transformation is clear by the diagram give below.
In this case also the direction of new voltage source is same as that of the current source.

So in this way we can inter-convert voltage and current sources easily as per our requirements.

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