Strings, the Smallest thing in the universe ! Do you know, What is the smallest thing in this universe? According to string theory the smallest thing in the universe is the String. Some of you will say, that Atom is the smallest particle and according to some, subatomic particles like electrons, protons and neutrons are the smallest particles, and some others that are from the science background may say that, particles like Quarks, Muon, Photon, Higgs boson, Graviton etc. are the smallest particles in the universe that can not be divided further. But that's not true.
What are Strings in String Theory
Actually according to recent studies, the smallest thing in this universe is unimaginably small. It is the 'strings' of string theory. It is so tiny that it doesn't seem to occupy any space. But before Knowing how small a string is, it is important to know what is a string according to string theory.
What is String Theory
In Physics, string theory is a theoretical framework in which the point like particles of particle physics are replaced by one-dimensional objects called strings.
According to the string theory all fundamental particles are actually tiny vibrating loops of string. Various properties of particles like mass and charge are determined by the vibrations of the one dimensional string like entities. The String theory describes how these strings propagate through space and interact with each other.
How small are Strings in String Theory
According to researchers, the size of the string is about 10^-33 cm. This length is so small that your mind cannot understand this number without giving you an example and analogy. So let's try to understand it. Let me first tell you that 10^-33 cm is actually millionth of a billionth of a billionth of a billionth of a centimeter. I know you are confused again. Ok let's try again, this time by giving you an interesting analogy. To give you an Idea let's compare the size of a string with the size of an atom. If an atom were magnified, to the size of the whole observable Universe, then a String would be the size of a tree!!! Now let me do one more comparison to make it more clear. This time i will compare the size of an electron with the size of a string. So, If we increase the size of an electron equal to the size of Earth, then a string would not be bigger than a 3 storey building. After giving you 2 examples, I can hope you can imagine the unimaginably small size of the String. So friends, Now you know, what is the smallest thing in the whole universe and how small it is. Credits and Sources:
Here I will tell you, what is this mysterious dark matter that accounts for the majority of the mass of the universe. You will also know the primary evidences that made us to believe in the presence of dark matter in our universe.
What is Dark Matter
You will be surprised to know that, The total mass and energy of the universe contains only 5% ordinary matter and energy. The remaining 95 percent of the mass and energy is composed of mysterious things. This 95% contains 27% of dark matter and 68% of dark energy. Here we will learn some interesting facts about the dark matter. The dark matter is actually a hypothetical matter that cannot be detected by its emitted radiation, but we can feel its presence because of its gravitational effects on the visible matter.
Why is Dark Matter called Dark?
Dark matter is called as dark because it is extremely difficult to detect using usual astronomical equipments. The reason behind this is; Dark matter does not appear to interact with the observable electromagnetic radiations such as light and hence it is not visible to the entire electromagnetic spectrum. As I just mentioned, that majority of the total mass of our universe, i.e. 95%, is made up of dark matter and dark energy. so we cannot neglect its presence. It is thought that, majority of dark matter is possibly being composed of some undiscovered subatomic particles.
Dark matter is present everywhere and had a strong influence on the structure and evolution of our universe. Now I will tell you some primary evidences, that helped us in believing that dark matter is present in our universe.
Proof of Dark Matter
In 1884, a mathematical physicist and engineer lord Kelvin performed some experiments. Based on this, he estimated that the mass of the Galaxy that he determined is different from the mass of visible stars. So he concluded that "many of our stars perhaps a great majority of them, maybe dark bodies." It Has been Shown by the calculations that many galaxies would fly apart instead of rotating, or would not have formed or move as they do, if they did not contain a large amount of matter that cannot be seen. Some Other evidences for the presence of dark matter in the universe are : #Gravitational Lensing #Formation and evolution of galaxies #Mass Location during galactic collisions #From observations of current structure of the universe #From the motion of galaxies within Galaxy clusters #From the cosmic microwave background So based on all these evidences, we can say that dark matter is not just a hypothetical concept. It really Exists!
What will you know here about UY Scuti - The Largest Star in the Universe
UY Scuti is the largest known Star in the universe. It is also known as BD 12 5055. Here we will compare the UY scuti with the Sun i.e. UY Scuti vs Sun. Various properties of UY Scuti star will be discussed in this post like its Size, Mass, Volume, Radius. You will surely enjoy the unbelievable facts about the largest Star in the Universe.
How Big is UY Scuti (UY Scuti Vs Sun)
Our Sun may appear to be the largest star to us as it is closest from the earth. But you should know that the sun is a quite average sized star in the universe in comparison to other trillions of stars in the universe. But in this post, we are going to talk about the largest known star in the universe. The size of our Sun is negligible if we compare it to the size of this star.
The name of this Hypergiant star is UY Scuti also known as BD-12 5055. The volume of UY scuti is 4.98 billion times the volume of the Sun. It means this Hypergiant star can fit nearly 3.69 billion Suns inside it. Its radius is 1700 times larger than the sun. You will be amazed to know that the size of UY scuti is so big that the distance between the two ends of the star is equal to 8 times the distance between the Earth and the Sun. Even if we travel at the highest possible speed, that is, the speed of light, it would take about 7 hours to travel along the UY Scuti's great circle. For comparison, let me tell you that, it would take only 14.5 seconds to circle the sun. Assuming its maximum possible size it can fit all the planets upto Saturn of our solar system. So now you can imagine how huge the UY Scuti is.
How far is UY Scuti from Earth
UY Scuti is present in the constellation Scutum. This is a pulsating variable star. It means, the brightness of the star fluctuates as seen from Earth. It grows brighter and dimmer over a 740-day period. UY Scuti star is present near the centre of our Milky Way galaxy at a very large distance of 9500 light years from the earth.
Mass of UY Scuti
Although the UY Scuti is the largest known star but it does not have the highest mass. Its mass is only slightly more than 30 times the mass of our Sun. So which is the most massive star scientists have ever found? Actually R136a1 is the most massive known star in the universe. So here you should remember that largest known star and most massive known star are not the same.
How Old is UY Scuti (Age of UY Scuti)
The age of UY Scuti star is not certain. According to scientists, it could be as young as few million years or as old as a few billion. So friends these were some amazing facts about the largest known star in the universe. As there is no end of this universe, scientists may find even bigger stars in future.
This video explains, what happens when two black holes collide. It shows effects of collision of a black hole with another black hole or other object like a star or planet. With the Help of calculations based on black hole mathematics, we have calculated the mass of the black hole after collision with black hole or another objects. This video also calculates the event Horizon radius of the black hole after collision. The event Horizon radius of the black hole is also known as Schwarzchild radius. After watching this video, with the help of calculations you will understand that the total mass of the black hole after collision is not equal to the sum of the mass of the black hole and the object falling into the black hole, as some of the mass is converted into energy. The energy released as the mass is converted into energy is given by the Einstein's famous equation E= mc2. So after collision of black holes the net mass of the black hole and it's Event Horizon radius is increased with huge amount of released energy.
Black Hole Collision Video
This video has been created by using black hole collision calculator by omni calculator. If you also want to use this calculator you can visit the website link Here
