Thevenin Theorem - Thevenin Equivalent Circuit - Applications and Limitations of Thevenin Theorem

In this post we will learn the Basics of Thevenin Theorem and the Equivalent Circuit of Thevenin Theorem along with the Applications and Limitations of Thevenin Theorem.

Thevenin Theorem Explained Video

Thevenin Theorem

According to Thevenin's Theorem, any linear electrical network having voltage sources, current sources and resistances only, can be replaced by an equivalent voltage source (Thevenin's voltage or Vth) in series connection with an equivalent resistance (Thevenin's resistance or Rth).

Thevenin Equivalent Voltage (Vth)

The Thevenin's equivalent voltage (thevenin's voltage, Vth) is the voltage that is obtained at any terminals A-B of the network, with these terminals open circuited.

Thevenin Equivalent Resistance (Rth)

The equivalent resistance (Thevenin's resistance, Rth) which is also known as Norton's resistance, is the resistance between the terminals A-B, when all the ideal voltage sources in the circuit are short circuited and all the ideal current sources are open circuited.

Applications of Thevenin Theorem

With the help of Thevenin's Theorem, it is possible to replace a complex part of the network by a very easy equivalent series circuit.

Limitations of Thevenin Theorem

1. Thevenin Theorem is not applicable to the circuits that contain nonlinear elements like transistors and diodes etc.
2. It is not applicable to the circuits having unilateral elements like diode etc.
3. Thevenin's Theorem cannot be used for the circuits that contain magnetic coupling between load and any other circuit element.
4. It is Not possible to apply the thevenins theorem to the circuits containing load in series or parallel with controlled or dependent sources.

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Superposition Theorem | Basics, Applications and Limitations of Superposition Theorem

What is Superposition Theorem (Definition)

In an active linear network containing several sources (including dependent sources), the overall response (branch current or voltage) in any branch in the network is equal to the algebraic sum of the responses of individual source considered separately, with all other sources made inoperative, it means replacing them with their internal resistances or impedances.

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How to Make a Source (Voltage or Current Source) Inoperative?

To make a source inoperative, it is first short-circuited leaving behind it's internal resistance or impedance, if it is a voltage source.
But if it is a current source then it is open circuited leaving behind its internal resistance or impedance.

Applications and Limitations of Superposition Theorem

Applications of Superposition Theorem

1.The superposition theorem is applicable for any linear circuit having time varying or time invariant circuits.

2.It is also very useful in the analysis of circuits. The superposition theorem can be very useful when the circuit has large number of sources (current or voltage sources), to find the value of current or voltage in any branch of the circuit.

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Limitations of Superposition Theorem

1.It is not applicable when the circuit contains only dependent sources.

2.We cannot apply superposition theorem when a circuit contains nonlinear elements like diodes, transistors etc.

3.As we know that superposition theorem is applicable only for Linear networks, so it cannot be used for power calculations, since the power is proportional to the square (nonlinear) of current or voltage.

4.Superposition theorem is of no use if the circuit contains less than two independent sources.

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